中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所（以下简称“亚热带生态所”）创建于1978年，其前身为中国科学院长沙农业现代化研究所，2003年10月改为现名。

亚热带生态所主要学科方向为亚热带复合农业生态系统生态学，下设喀斯特区域农业生态研究中心、农田生态研究中心、湿地农业生态研究中心、流域农业环境研究中心、畜禽健康养殖与农牧复合生态研究中心、作物分子生态研究中心等六个研究中心，作为依托单位拥有畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室、中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室、农业生态工程湖南省重点实验室、动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室、湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心和广西石漠化治理工程技术研究中心，建有桃源农业生态系统观测研究站、环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站、洞庭湖湿地生态系统观测研究站和长沙农业环境观测研究站。

Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as "Institute of Subtropical Ecology") was founded in 1978, formerly known as Changsha Institute of Agricultural Modernization, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and changed its current name in October 2003.

The main discipline direction of the Institute is Subthermal complex agroecosystem ecology, which consists of six research centers: Karst Regional Agroecology Research Center, Farmland Ecology Research Center, Wetland Agroecology Research Center, Basin Agro-Environment Research Center, Livestock and Poultry Healthy Breeding and Agroanimal Husbandry Complex Ecological Research Center, Crop Molecular Ecology Research Center. As a supporting unit, it has the National Engineering Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, the Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Engineering of Hunan Province, the Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes of Hunan Province, the Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, and the Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center of Rocky Desertification Control. It has the Taoyuan Agricultural Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Huanjiang Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Dongting Lake Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station and Changsha Agricultural Environment Observation and Research Station.