中国科学院计算技术研究所创建于1956年，是中国第一个专门从事计算机科学技术综合性研究的学术机构。计算所研制成功了中国第一台通用数字电子计算机，并形成了中国高性能计算机的研发基地，中国首枚通用CPU芯片也诞生在这里。

计算所拥有计算机体系结构国家重点实验室、大数据分析系统国家工程实验室、中国科学院智能信息处理重点实验室、中国科学院网络数据科学与技术重点实验室、移动计算与新型终端北京市重点实验室。依托科研基地，计算所加强了原始创新研究、重大关键技术研究和产业化共性技术研究，以解决计算机学科中的重大科学和技术问题，为计算所的长远发展提供长期的、战略性的技术储备和基础，并培养一批高水平、高素质的学科带头人与学术团队。

Founded in 1956, the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) is China's first academic institution dedicated to the comprehensive research of computer science and technology. The Institute successfully developed China's first general-purpose digital electronic computer, and formed the research and development base of high-performance computers in China. The first general-purpose CPU chip in China was also born here.

The Institute has the State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture, the State Engineering Laboratory of Big Data Analysis System, the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Key Laboratory of Network Data Science and Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Mobile Computing and New Terminals. Relying on the scientific research base, the Institute of Computing Technology has strengthened original innovation research, key technology research and industrial generic technology research to solve the major scientific and technical problems in the computer science discipline, to provide long-term and strategic technical reserves and foundations for the long-term development of the Institute of Computing Technology, and to cultivate a number of high-level and high-quality academic leaders and teams.