美国国家生物医学成像和生物工程研究所（NIBIB）由国家生物医学成像和生物工程研究所建立法案H.R.1795授权，该法案于2000年12月29日由威廉克林顿总统签署成为法律，作为公法106-580。是美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）的27个研究所和中心之一。

NIBIB校外研究计划，汇集了生物医学成像，生物工程，物理科学和生命科学的研究界，以促进人类健康。校外研究计划分为四个部分：

应用科学与技术部 （DAST）：该部门支持创新生物医学成像技术的发展，以改变NIBIB对生物和疾病过程的理解，以改善诊断，图像引导疗法和人类健康 ；

发现科学与技术部 （DDST）：该部门支持生物医学技术的发展（不偏爱任何疾病或应用），这些技术直接与人体生理学相联系并控制生物功能，以建立下一代人类健康干预措施。该部门还支持研究，以推进未来技术驱动型干预措施的设计和部署 ；

健康信息学技术部（DHIT）：该部门的重点是支持科学和技术的发展，以处理和评估复杂的生物医学信息，以便为现实世界的医疗保健问题开发解决方案。这项研究建立在实用的，以患者为中心的应用上 ；

跨学科培训部（DIDT） ：资助各种职业水平的研究培训。

NIBIB校内研究计划履行研究所的使命方面发挥着关键作用，将基础科学，转化科学和临床科学相结合。该计划包括实验室，部门和核心设施，全部位于马里兰州贝塞斯达的NIH主校区。分别是：

细胞成像和大分子生物物理实验室（LCIMB）：专门从事基于工程，数学和物理科学的尖端技术的开发和应用，以解决生物学和医学中的问题。它与校内科学家合作，并提出和开发对NIH长期需求很重要的理论和实验方法。其独特的专业知识涵盖从近原子分辨率到完整生物体的各种规模的技术；

高分子组装动力学实验室（DMA）：大分子组装动力学实验室开发了生物物理方法来研究蛋白质相互作用和多蛋白质复合物的组装。多蛋白复合物的标志是多价相互作用和合作。在细胞过程的分子机制中，这些构成了信息整合和传递的无处不在的机制。因此，NIBIB的重点是开发多组分系统的方法，其中几个不同的大分子组分相互作用，以允许不同状态下不同共存的复合物的结合和解离。NIBIB感兴趣的是表征组装状态的数量，以及它们的大小，形状和相互作用能量。作为对晶体学技术的补充，这种溶液相互作用研究可以提供关于结构多晶型多蛋白复合物的组装原理的信息；

分子示踪剂和成像核心设施：PET放射化学和成像核心设施开发了将放射性核素和荧光团结合到分子中的新方法，以研究生物学上重要的过程。NIBIB所有的项目都支持首席研究员发起的研究。NIBIB寻求与临床和生物研究者合作，他们与NIBIB有着共同的目标，即为临床研究和生物过程研究提供新的成像工具。NIBIB的研究工作是出于提高对人类生物学和疾病的理解并生成具有临床应用的工具的愿望。NIBIB生产的探针适用于许多重要的生物过程，包括炎症、代谢、增殖、血管生成、转移、淋巴生成和细胞凋亡 ；

NIBIB生物光子学部分开发了用于细胞和组织的衍射有限和亚衍射有限荧光成像的探针和技术。主要重点是开发新的和改进现有的遗传编码荧光蛋白，用作标记和传感器。方法和技术包括共聚焦、TIRF和宽视场显微镜、单分子成像、荧光光谱和蛋白质工程；

免疫工程部分：免疫工程科使用基于机制的免疫学方法，通过自下而上的方法开发用于再生医学的免疫活性生物材料。免疫系统是组织稳态和疾病的关键介质。植入生物材料支架后，免疫系统反应被激活，可能具有病理副作用，包括纤维化或破坏性炎症。此外，组织生长和伤口愈合受到免疫反应的调节。通过了解人们的免疫系统在创伤性损伤背景下如何与材料相互作用，结合生物聚合物和细胞工程的进步，NIBIB将尝试对免疫反应进行编程，以促进支架整合和组织生长。这些信息对于非集成设备（即起搏器，药物输送设备，化妆品植入物）以及集成医疗设备（用于组织修复的支架）的下一代材料的进步至关重要；

机械生物学部分：机械生物学部分的重点是开发和使用先进的原子力显微镜（AFM）技术进行细胞和组织力学研究。NIBIB结合并应用各种多学科知识来研究最紧迫的机械生物学问题，包括高时空分辨率AFM和共聚焦荧光显微镜，图像分析和数学建模。

机械生物学部分试图通过应用物理学和工程原理来理解几个重要的生物过程，特别是：黑色素瘤细胞肌动蛋白皮层的分子机械调节;用于破译癌症生物学中自组织的实体瘤微环境;以及使用新型非接触式AFM方法的发育和成熟内耳感觉和非感觉上皮组织的各向异性机械特性。

此外，该实验室还开发了新的AFM方法来研究快速的多参数和多维细胞和组织过程，并推进了用于高时空和定量纳米力学映射的最先进的AFM成像方法；

定量医学成像实验室：定量医学成像实验室开发的方法，从非侵入性成像技术（如磁共振成像，MRI）获得的数据中获取生物标志物，这些技术提供有关解剖学和生理学的信息，并为评估各种医疗条件提供新的，准确和可靠的工具；

跨NIH生物医学工程和物理科学共享资源（BEPS）：生物医学工程和物理科学（BEPS）共享资源支持NIH的校内基础和临床科学家在工程，物理，成像，测量和分析方面的应用。BEPS位于NIH主校区的中心位置，提供从近原子分辨率到完整生物体的各种技术的专业知识；

跨NIH先进成像和显微镜共享资源（AIM）：高级成像和显微镜资源是跨NIH的共享资源，用于容纳，操作，传播和改进NIH开发的非商业原型光学成像系统。AIM的设施可供整个NIH校内研究界使用。

The National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) is authorized by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering Establishment Act H.R. 1795, which was signed into law by President William Clinton on December 29, 2000, as Public Law 106-580. It is one of 27 institutes and centers of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

The NIBIB Off-Campus Research Program brings together the research communities of biomedical imaging, bioengineering, physical sciences, and life sciences to promote human health. The off-campus research program is divided into four parts:

Department of Applied Science and Technology (DAST): This department supports the development of innovative biomedical imaging technologies to transform NIBIB's understanding of biological and disease processes to improve diagnosis, image-guided therapies and human health;

Department of Discovery Science and Technology (DDST): This department supports the development of biomedical technologies (without preference for any disease or application) that are directly linked to human physiology and control biological functions to establish the next generation of human health interventions. The department also supports research to advance the design and deployment of future technology-driven interventions;

Department of Health Informatics Technology (DHIT): The focus of this department is to support the development of science and technology to process and evaluate complex biomedical information in order to develop solutions to real-world healthcare problems. This research builds on practical, patient-centered applications;

Department of Interdisciplinary Training (DIDT): Funding research training at all vocational levels.

The NIBIB Intramural Research Program plays a key role in fulfilling the Institute's mission by combining basic, translational, and clinical sciences. The program includes laboratories, departments, and core facilities, all located at the NIH main campus in Bethesda, Maryland. They are:

Laboratory of Cell Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics (LCIMB): Specialized in the development and application of cutting-edge technologies based on engineering, mathematics and physical sciences to solve problems in biology and medicine. It collaborates with scientists on campus and proposes and develops theoretical and experimental methods that are important for the long-term needs of the NIH. Its unique expertise covers technologies of all sizes, from near-atomic resolution to complete organisms;

Laboratory of Polymer Assembly Kinetics (DMA): The Laboratory of Macromolecular Assembly Kinetics has developed biophysical methods to study protein interactions and the assembly of multi-protein complexes. The hallmark of multiprotein complexes is polyvalent interaction and cooperation. In the molecular mechanisms of cellular processes, these constitute ubiquitous mechanisms for information integration and transmission. Therefore, NIBIB focuses on developing methods for multi-component systems in which several different macromolecular components interact to allow for the binding and dissociation of different coexisting complexes in different states. NIBIB is interested in characterizing the number of assembly states, as well as their size, shape, and interaction energy. As a complement to crystallographic techniques, this solution interaction study can provide information on the assembly principles of structural polycrystalline multiprotein complexes;

Molecular Tracer and Imaging Core Facility: The PET Radiochemistry and Imaging Core Facility has developed new methods for combining radionuclides and fluorophores into molecules to study biologically important processes. All NIBIB projects support research initiated by the lead researcher. NIBIB seeks to collaborate with clinical and biological researchers who share the same goal with NIBIB to provide new imaging tools for clinical research and biological process research. NIBIB's research work is motivated by the desire to improve understanding of human biology and disease and to generate tools with clinical applications. Probes produced by NIBIB are suitable for many important biological processes, including inflammation, metabolism, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, lymphogenesis, and apoptosis;

The NIBIB Biophotonics section develops probes and techniques for diffraction-limited and subdiffraction-limited fluorescence imaging of cells and tissues. The main focus is on the development of new and improved existing genetically encoded fluorescent proteins for use as markers and sensors. Methods and techniques include confocal , TIRF and wide field of view microscopy, single-molecule imaging, fluorescence spectroscopy, and protein engineering;

Immunoengineering Section: The Department of Immunoengineering uses a mechanism-based immunological approach to develop immunoactive biomaterials for regenerative medicine through a bottom-up approach. The immune system is a key mediator of tissue homeostasis and disease. After implantation of a biomaterial scaffold, the immune system response is activated and may have pathological side effects, including fibrosis or destructive inflammation. In addition, tissue growth and wound healing are regulated by the immune response. By understanding how people's immune systems interact with materials in the context of traumatic injury, combined with advances in biopolymers and cellular engineering, NIBIB will attempt to program immune responses to facilitate scaffold integration and tissue growth. This information is essential for the advancement of next-generation materials for non-integrated devices (i.e. pacemakers, drug delivery devices, cosmetic implants) as well as integrated medical devices (stents for tissue repair);

Mechanical Biology Section: The Mechanical Biology segment focuses on the development and use of advanced atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques for cellular and tissue mechanics research. NIBIB combines and applies a variety of multidisciplinary knowledge to study the most pressing mechalogically biological problems, including high-spatiotemporal resolution AFM and confocal fluorescence microscopy, image analysis, and mathematical modeling.

The mechanobiology section attempts to understand several important biological processes by applying principles of physics and engineering, in particular: the molecular mechanical regulation of the actin cortex of melanoma cells; For deciphering the self-organizing solid tumor microenvironment in cancer biology; and the development and maturation of the anisotropic mechanical properties of the inner ear sensory and non-sensory epithelial tissue using novel non-contact AFM methods.

In addition, the lab has developed new AFM methods to study rapid multiparametric and multidimensional cellular and tissue processes and advanced state-of-the-art AFM imaging methods for high spatiotemporal and quantitative nanomechanical mapping；

Quantitative Medical Imaging Laboratory: Methods developed by quantitative medical imaging laboratories to obtain biomarkers from data obtained by non-invasive imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging, MRI, which provide information about anatomy and physiology and provide new, accurate and reliable tools for evaluating various medical conditions;

Biomedical Engineering and Physical Sciences Commons (BEPS) across NIH: Biomedical Engineering and Physical Sciences (BEPS) shared resources support NIH's on-campus foundational and clinical scientists' applications in engineering, physics, imaging, measurement, and analysis. Located in the heart of the NIH's main campus, BEPS offers expertise in a wide range of technologies, from near-atomic resolution to intact organisms;

Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Commons (AIM) across NIH: Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resources are shared resources across NIH for accommodating, operating, propagating, and improving non-commercial prototype optical imaging systems developed by NIH. AIM's facilities are available to the entire NIH on-campus research community.