美国国家人类基因组研究所最初名为国家人类基因组研究中心（NCHGR），该中心成立于1989年，旨在发挥美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）在国际人类基因组计划（HGP）中的作用。HGP是与美国能源部合作开发的，始于1990年，用于绘制人类基因组图谱。1997年，美国卫生与公众服务部将NCHGR更名为国家人类基因组研究所（NHGRI），正式将其提升为研究机构的地位 - 组成NIH的27个研究所和中心之一。现在，随着自2003年4月以来人类基因组序列的完成，世界各地的科学家都可以访问一个数据库，该数据库极大地促进并加快了生物医学研究的步伐。

NCHGR是推动美国国立卫生研究院基因组学研究的驱动力，NCHGR的历史与人类基因组计划和基因组学领域的历史密不可分。

NCHGR帮助科学家在职业生涯的每个阶段取得成功。从实习生到主要研究人员，NHGRI促进研究培训和高技能和多样化的生物医学研究劳动力的发展。探索在NHGRI世界级实验室进行现场培训的机会，或确定美国大学和研究机构的机构和个人培训的可用资金。

The National Human Genome Research Institute, originally known as the National Human Genome Research Center (NCHGR), was established in 1989 to play the role of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the International Human Genome Project (HGP). HGP was developed in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Energy and began in 1990 to map the human genome. In 1997, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services renamed NCHGR the National Human Genome Institute (NHGRI), officially elevating it to the status of a research institution — one of the 27 institutes and centers that make up the NIH. Now, with the completion of the human genome sequence since April 2003, scientists around the world have access to a database that greatly facilitates and accelerates the pace of biomedical research.

NCHGR is the driving force behind research in genomics at the National Institutes of Health, and the history of NCHGR is inextricably linked to the history of the Human Genome Project and the field of genomics.

NCHGR helps scientists succeed at every stage of their careers. From interns to principal investigators, NHGRI fosters research training and the development of a highly skilled and diverse workforce for biomedical research. Explore opportunities for on-site training at NHGRI world-class laboratories, or identify available funding for institutional and individual training at U.S. universities and research institutions.