罗伯特·科赫研究所（Robert Koch Institute，简称RKI）始建于1891年，原名皇家普鲁士传染病研究所，是德国疾病防控机构，专注于公共卫生研究，是联邦政府在生物医学领域的中央科学机构和全球同类机构中历史最悠久的机构之一。
       研究所的任务是识别、监测和预防疾病，监测和分析德国的长期公共卫生趋势，分析评估对公众具有重要意义的高致病性和高传染性疾病的流行病学和医学，为与卫生有关的政治决策提供科学依据，为政治决策者、科学部门和公众提供信息和建议等，以保护和改善人口健康为使命。
       RKI调查各个层面的疾病和健康进行研究，然后为公共卫生相关决策生成数据研究，并为德国公共卫生服务和政策制定者提供建议，为国家以及世界疾病爆发和卫生危机提供助力。研究所拥有来自90个不同领域千余员工，积极进取的高素质员工、现代化的研究基础设施、灵活的组织结构和高效的管理促使RKI成功运行，取得研究成果。
       传染性疾病的研究和预防是RKI的经典工作领域之一，对所有病原体组的分子性质和传播模式进行研究，包括细菌和病毒，真菌、寄生虫和朊病毒。此外，RKI还会分析非遗传性疾病的分布和趋势，并结合联邦各州关于癌症发病率的数据，对德国儿童和成人的生活质量、生活方式和健康风险进行定期监测调查。

Founded in 1891 as the Royal Prussian Institute of Infectious Diseases, the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) is a German disease prevention and control agency focused on public health research, one of the oldest of its kind in the field of biomedical sciences of the Federal Government and of its kind worldwide.

The mission of the Institute is to identify, monitor and prevent diseases, monitor and analyse long-term public health trends in Germany, analyze and evaluate the epidemiology and medicine of highly pathogenic and highly contagious diseases of public importance to the public, provide a scientific basis for health-related political decision-making, and provide information and recommendations to political decision-makers, the scientific sector and the public, with the mission of protecting and improving the health of the population.

RKI investigates disease and health at all levels to conduct research, then generates data studies for public health-related decision-making and advises German public health services and policymakers to support disease outbreaks and health crises at the national and world levels. The Institute has more than 1,000 employees from 90 different fields, and the highly motivated and high-quality employees, modern research infrastructure, flexible organizational structure and efficient management have contributed to the successful operation of RKI and the achievement of research results.

The research and prevention of infectious diseases is one of RKI's classic areas of work, studying the molecular properties and transmission patterns of all groups of pathogens, including bacteria and viruses, fungi, parasites and prions. In addition, RKI analyses the distribution and trends of non-hereditary diseases and conducts regular monitoring surveys of the quality of life, lifestyle and health risks of German children and adults in conjunction with data from the federal states on cancer incidence.