俄罗斯国家航空技术研究所（NIAT）的前身为成立于1920年的前苏联国家劳动力资源研究所，是全世界第一个为提高劳动生产率而专业门成立的研究所，从事生产组织改进，员工培训和制造业装备设计，研究所的附属工厂专用生产装备。它从1930年开始全力专注于航空工业，于1944年正式更名为航空技术研究所（简称NIAT）。第二次世界大战时研究所被迫迁往西伯利亚，同时开始增加战斗机产量，设计制造金属加工装备、钻塔，开发系列化的流程工业装备。
研究所重组为8个设计局，成为航空工业的主要研究中心，基础研究实验室和各个研究部门分散在许多偏僻的工厂里。NIAT设计制造了前苏联第一台CNE机床，第一台工业机器人和第一条柔性生产线。它所设计的所有专用技术装备均由设在萨沃罗夫斯基和索哈夫斯基的工厂制造。
经过长达80年的发展，NIAT设计制造无可匹敌的，安－225、图－160和苏27军用飞机，这些产品是NIAT长期科学研究和技术开发的结晶。今天它仍然拥有超过400名高级科学家和雇员。研究所占地40万平方米，拥有4名俄罗斯科学院院士，超过160名技术博士，曾获得许多国际展览会奖励和几项国家奖。
The Russian State Institute of Aeronautical Technology (NIAT), formerly known as the State Institute of Labor Resources of the former SOVIET Union, founded in 1920, is the world's first research institute established to improve labor productivity, engaged in the improvement of production organization, employee training and manufacturing equipment design, and special production equipment for the institute's affiliated factories. It began to focus exclusively on the aviation industry in 1930 and was officially renamed the Institute of Aeronautical Technology (NIAT) in 1944. During World War II, the institute was forced to relocate to Siberia, and at the same time began to increase the production of fighter jets, design and manufacture metalworking equipment, drill towers, and develop a series of process industrial equipment.
The Institute was reorganized into 8 design bureaus and became the main research center of the aviation industry, with basic research laboratories and various research departments scattered in many remote factories. NIAT designed and built the first CNE machine tool, the first industrial robot and the first flexible production line in the former Soviet Union. All the specialized technical equipment it designs is manufactured by factories in Savorovsky and Sokhaovsky.
After 80 years of development, NIAT designs and manufactures unrivalled An-225, Tu-160 and Su-27 military aircraft, which are the result of NIAT's long-term scientific research and technological development. Today it still has more than 400 senior scientists and employees. Covering an area of 400,000 square meters, the Institute has 4 academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences, more than 160 technical doctors, and has won many awards from international exhibitions and several state awards.