1948年由德国政府资助成立的全国性学术机构和独立的非盈利性研究组织，前身是1911年成立的的威廉皇家学会。学会涉及自然科学和人文科学各方面，下设生物和医学部、化学、物理和技术部以及人文、社会科学部，拥有86个研究所和29位诺贝尔获奖者。主要负责支持自然科学、生命科学和人文科学和社会科学等领域的基础研究，推动开辟新的研究领域，与多国深度合作设立研究中心，促进科学发展。

In 1948, a national academic institution and an independent non-profit research organization funded by the German government, formerly known as the Wilhelm Royal Society, founded in 1911. The Society covers all aspects of the natural and humanities, with the Faculty of Biology and Medicine, the Faculty of Chemistry, Physics and Technology, and the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, with 86 institutes and 29 Nobel Laureates. It is mainly responsible for supporting basic research in the fields of natural sciences, life sciences and humanities and social sciences, promoting the opening up of new research fields, and establishing research centers in deep cooperation with many countries to promote scientific development.