创新背景

许多企业希望通过提供健康计划，如锻炼和健身来改善员工的健康状况并提升其幸福感。但研究表明，这些计划在改善员工健康方面并不是很有效。

 

创新过程

企业传统的健康计划主要关注三方面：员工的整体健康、睡眠质量或饮食选择，医疗支出费用和工作缺勤、绩效和任期问题。但企业的愿望和实际情况总是不成正比，在强调健康计划时，企业领导者忽视了改善员工健康的更强大的工具：企业自己的实践和政策。
麻省理工学院斯隆管理学院的教授Erin Kelly和哈佛大学公共卫生学院考察许多关于工作和健康的研究之后，提出通过重新设计工作制度来改善员工健康状况的方法，并在此过程中尽量减少员工流动率。

研究人员探究了一家《财富》500强公司的IT部门，那里的员工团队对自己的工作的时间和地点拥有实质性控制权。他们比其他部门遵循传统规则的同事工作更灵活，健康状况也更好，比如员工倦怠度低、睡眠质量好、心理压力更小。
研究通过重新设计工作实验，让实验组的员工进行混合工作制，发现辞职率有所降低，进而降低了与员工流动相关的成本，为公司带来底线收益。混合工作制的实验所使用的公司指标定量分析并没有设置生产力相关的指标，但参与人员表示，混合工作制带来的灵活工作方式让他们更专注，工作效率有所提升。

2020年，马萨诸塞州剑桥的客户关系管理平台HubSpott启动了针对混合和远程工作的新制度，允许员工从远程工作、每周在办公室工作三天或更长时间和每周在办公室工作两天或更少时间自主选择，然后对员工进行定期调查。调查结果表明，混合工作制增加了公司获得人才的途径，让渴望远程工作的员工更有动力，有助于建立长期良好的办公室体验。
远程工作减少了个人与团队、工作单位和同事之间的写作，灵活的工作方式必须考虑促进跨部门和团队写作，比如让员工和其他部门的同事配对交流，加强工作中的社会关系。此外，公司还可以避免员工过度工作和无效工作，例如某个人实际上不需要参加常设会议，就可以减少此类工作或改进流程。

混合工作制让员工可以选择自己的工作方式和调整日程安排，有助于环节过度工作，更高效地处理个人任务。主管接受培训学习如何支持并帮助协调员工个人和家庭生活，对于企业管理和员工的健康及工作满意度有明显好处。混合工作制实施得当，有利于改善员工的健康和福祉，让个人和公司都保持可持续发展。

 

创新关键点

利用混合工作制赋予员工对工作的灵活掌控权，改善个人健康状况的同时提升工作效率。

 

Mixed work helps improve employee health

Traditional wellness programs focus on three main areas: employees' overall health, sleep quality or dietary choices, medical expenses and work absences, and performance and tenure issues. But business aspirations are always out of proportion to reality, and in emphasizing wellness programs, business leaders overlook more powerful tools for improving employee health: the business's own practices and policies.

Erin Kelly, a professor at MIT's Sloan School of Management, and the Harvard School of Public Health examined many studies on work and health and proposed ways to improve employee health by redesigning work systems and minimizing employee turnover in the process.

The researchers explored the IT department of a Fortune 500 company where teams of employees had substantial control over when and where they worked. They work more flexibly and have better health than their colleagues in other departments who follow traditional rules, such as low employee burnout, good sleep quality, and less psychological stress.

The study found that the resignation rate was reduced by redesigning the work experiment and allowing the employees of the experimental group to work in a mixed working system, which in turn reduced the costs associated with employee mobility and brought bottom-line benefits to the company. Quantitative analysis of company metrics used in the mixed-work experiment did not set productivity-related metrics, but participants said that the flexible way of working brought by the mixed-work system made them more focused and more efficient.

In 2020, HubSpott, a customer relationship management platform in Cambridge, Massachusetts, launched a new system for hybrid and remote work, allowing employees to choose from working remotely, working in the office three or more days a week, and working in the office two or fewer days a week, and then conducting regular surveys of employees. The findings suggest that mixed-work systems increase the number of ways companies acquire talent, motivate employees who aspire to work remotely, and help build a good long-term office experience.

Remote work reduces writing between individuals and teams, workplaces, and colleagues, and flexible ways of working must consider promoting cross-departmental and team writing, such as pairing employees with colleagues in other departments and strengthening social relationships at work. In addition, companies can avoid overwork and ineffective work by employees, such as someone who does not actually need to attend a standing meeting, which can reduce such work or improve processes.

The mixed work system allows employees to choose their own way of working and adjust their schedules, which helps to overwork and handle personal tasks more efficiently. Supervisors are trained to support and help reconcile employees' personal and family lives, which has clear benefits for business management and employee health and job satisfaction. Mixed work, when properly implemented, helps to improve the health and well-being of employees and keep individuals and companies sustainable.