创新背景

生物医学和安全行业运用传统微波构成的雷达系统进行探测，在嘈杂热环境中往往会出现故障，研发新技术降低生物医学和安全扫描等装置的耗能对于二者发展前景意义重大。

创新过程

奥地利科学技术研究所、与麻省理工学院、英国约克大学和意大利卡梅里诺大学多位物理学家组成团队发明了一种新的雷达原型，以量子纠缠为物体探测的一种方法，设备成功与量子力学集成，利用两个粒子之间的联系和共同物理特性进行研究。研究成果论文于2020年5月发表在《科学进展》期刊上，雷达原型是名为微波量子照明的新型探测技术，摒弃传统微波研究，以纠缠微波光子作为探测方法，也被称为量子雷达。

量子纠缠产生信号光子和闲置光子，该装置将信号光子和闲置光子纠缠在一起，在嘈杂的热环境下进行工作。信号光子被发送到目标对象，闲置光子在相对隔离的情况下测量，隔绝干扰和噪声。当信号光子被反射回来时，两组光子之间只存在少量关联，丢失真正的纠缠，但因为两者之间具有相似性，可以不受环境中的噪声影响，创建描述目标对象存在，帮助探测器有效区分环境中的噪声和从目标对象接收的信号光子。

研究人员表示，研究背后的主要信息是，量子雷达或量子微波照明不仅在理论上是可能的，而且在实践中也是可能的。

在低功率的同样条件下，传统雷达技术因为很难区分物体反射的辐射与自然产生的背景辐射，灵敏度较差，而量子照明借助信号光子和闲置光子的相似性弥补了这一不足，检测灵敏度远超传统技术。微波量子照明技术对于短程微波传感器和探测器的影响重大，技术的完善改进对于探测技术发展具有重要作用。

创新关键点

采用量子力学进行量子照明技术研究，利用光子联系进行灵敏探测。

Microwave Quantum Illumination Helps Sensitivity of Detection Technology

The Austrian Institute of Science and Technology, a team of physicists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the University of York in the United Kingdom, and the University of Camerino in Italy have invented a new radar prototype, using quantum entanglement as a method for object detection. The device succeeded Integrate with quantum mechanics to study the connections and common physical properties between two particles. The research results were published in the journal Science Advances in May 2020. The radar prototype is a new detection technology called microwave quantum lighting, which abandons traditional microwave research and uses entangled microwave photons as the detection method, also known as quantum radar.
Quantum entanglement produces signal and idler photons, and the device entangles the signal and idler photons together to work in a noisy thermal environment. Signal photons are sent to the target object, and idle photons are measured in relative isolation from interference and noise. When the signal photons are reflected back, there is only a small amount of correlation between the two sets of photons, and the true entanglement is lost, but because of the similarity between the two, it is not affected by noise in the environment, creating a description of the existence of the target object and helping detection The device effectively distinguishes between the noise in the environment and the signal photons received from the target object.
According to the researchers, the main message behind the study is that quantum radar, or quantum microwave lighting, is not only possible in theory, but also in practice.
Under the same conditions of low power, traditional radar technology has poor sensitivity because it is difficult to distinguish the radiation reflected by the object from the naturally generated background radiation. Quantum illumination makes up for this deficiency with the similarity of signal photons and idle photons, and the detection sensitivity far beyond traditional technology. Microwave quantum lighting technology has a great impact on short-range microwave sensors and detectors, and the improvement of technology plays an important role in the development of detection technology.