创新背景

氧化锌纳米棒具有抗菌作用，可损坏癌细胞的细胞膜，抑制癌细胞增长，常用于治疗各种疾病。但目前合成这种纳米材料的技术和材料比较昂贵，甚至会用到对环境有害的材料，转用绿色无污染的低廉材料合成氧化锌纳米棒是研究的重要方向。

创新过程

2020年俄罗斯国立研究型技术大学MISIS使用热带生长的尼古巴龙菊叶子中的提取物，与醋酸锌混合，制成无毒的氧化锌纳米棒，通过氧化应激破坏癌细胞，从而对肺癌进行治疗。2022年，MISIS再次利用从热带植物中提取的物质开发了绿色低廉的氧化锌纳米棒，具有良好的抗菌和抗癌特性，相关研究结果发表在《材料化学与物理》杂志上。

材料制备使用的是生长在热带森林中的铁线子叶子中的提取物。铁线子是一种大型常绿或落叶乔木，有乳汁，有些为灌木，总共大约有70种，材质细习，耐腐耐磨，抗白蚁，较稳定，常用于制造高级地板和木制品。

研究人员从印度安达曼和尼科巴群岛的热带森林中采集铁线子的嫩叶，将叶子经过清洗干燥后磨碎，在80℃高温下制备出提取物。在合成氧化锌纳米棒时将提取物作为稳定剂，充当醋酸盐分解过程的氧化剂或还原剂，成功开发一种替代现有昂贵材料的方法来获得抗癌和抗菌药物。

研究人员对新材料的特性进行测试，利用各种病菌和癌细胞，确定新材料合成的纳米棒催化活性和抗氧化性能良好且无毒，在环保高效的同时价格低廉，开发应用对于医学治疗具有重要意义。进一步展示了热带植物在合成材料乃至生物医学领域的良好应用前景。

创新关键点

利用热带植物提取物进行合成纳米材料开发，环保并降低成本。

Effect of tropical plant extracts on the synthesis of nanomaterials

2020 Russian State Research Technical University MISIS uses extracts from tropical-grown nicotiana daisy leaves, mixed with zinc acetate, to make non-toxic zinc oxide nanorods, which destroy cancer cells through oxidative stress, thereby treating lung cancer. treat. In 2022, MISIS once again used substances extracted from tropical plants to develop green and inexpensive zinc oxide nanorods with good antibacterial and anticancer properties. The relevant research results were published in the journal "Materials Chemistry and Physics".
The material was prepared using an extract from the leaves of C. elegans grown in tropical forests. Tiezizi is a large evergreen or deciduous tree with milky milk, some of which are shrubs, and there are about 70 species in total.
The researchers collected young leaves from the tropical forests of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in India, washed and dried the leaves, ground them, and prepared the extract at a high temperature of 80°C. In the synthesis of zinc oxide nanorods, the extract was used as a stabilizer, acting as an oxidant or reducing agent in the acetate decomposition process, and a method to replace existing expensive materials was successfully developed to obtain anticancer and antibacterial drugs.
The researchers tested the characteristics of the new material, using various bacteria and cancer cells, to determine that the nanorods synthesized by the new material have good catalytic activity and antioxidant performance, are non-toxic, are environmentally friendly and efficient, and are inexpensive. The development and application are useful for medical treatment. important meaning. It further demonstrates the good application prospects of tropical plants in the field of synthetic materials and even biomedicine.