创新背景

变废为宝一直是环保发展提倡的方式，科学家们也一直致力于研究新方法将废品回收后循环利用，制成生物材料继续使用，达到循环、绿色、可持续的环保标准。

创新过程

2012年巴西圣保罗科研基金会与圣保罗大学对甘蔗渣进行回收研究，用发酵菌在甘蔗渣中进行发酵，在甘蔗乙醇或甘蔗渣乙醇生成之后将植物渣生成一种可降解的生物塑料——聚羟基脂肪酸酯。

甘蔗渣是一种木制纤维材料，约有50％的纤维可以用来造纸，纤维形态比稻、麦草纤维还要略胜一筹。利用发酵菌对甘蔗渣进行发酵作用，生成很多细菌合成的一种胞内聚酯，即聚羟基脂肪酸酯。聚羟基脂肪酸酯在生物体内主要起到碳源和能源贮藏的作用，具有和合成塑料相似的物化特性，同时具有可降解性、生物相容性等。

研究人员表示，利用细菌和农业植物原料相互作用，可获得带有塑料特性和弹性的可生物降解原料，其广泛使用可一定程度上替代石化塑料，将废料循环利用并生成无污染原料，获得巨大的环保效益。

对甘蔗渣进行循环利用现在越来越成为材料再生的聚焦点。2020年，美国东北大学研究人员利用竹子和甘蔗渣，将两种植物纤维缠绕在一起，研发出一种替代塑料容器的餐具，既绿色环保又有着塑料餐具的便利功能，且降解速度仅需数十天。

研究人员在新型餐具中添加烷基烯酮二聚体后发现，餐具的耐油性和机械强度都有所增强，制造过程的二氧化碳排放比普通塑料容器更少。生产过程和成品都符合环保要求，可以代替目前所用的塑料制品。

甘蔗渣是食品工业产量最高的废料之一，结合其他物质或化学元素，可以将甘蔗渣废物利用，真正做到循环利用变废为宝，促进环保生产。

创新关键点

利用细菌或其他植物纤维和甘蔗渣相结合，废物利用生产可降解的塑料代替品。

Innovatively make bagasse into a plastic alternative

In 2012, the Sao Paulo Scientific Research Foundation of Brazil and the University of Sao Paulo carried out research on the recycling of bagasse. Fermentation was carried out in the bagasse with fermenting bacteria, and after the production of sugarcane ethanol or bagasse ethanol, the plant bagasse was formed into a degradable bioplastic-polyethylene. Hydroxy fatty acid ester.
Bagasse is a wood fiber material, about 50% of which can be used to make paper, and its fiber shape is slightly better than that of rice and wheat straw fibers. The use of fermenting bacteria to ferment bagasse produces an intracellular polyester synthesized by many bacteria, that is, polyhydroxy fatty acid ester. Polyhydroxyalkanoate mainly plays the role of carbon source and energy storage in the body, and has similar physical and chemical properties to synthetic plastics, as well as degradability and biocompatibility.
The researchers said that by using the interaction of bacteria and agricultural plant raw materials, biodegradable raw materials with plastic properties and elasticity can be obtained. environmental benefits.
The recycling of bagasse is now increasingly the focus of material regeneration. In 2020, researchers at Northeastern University in the United States used bamboo and bagasse to entangle two kinds of plant fibers to develop a tableware that replaces plastic containers, which is both green and environmentally friendly and has the convenience of plastic tableware, and the degradation speed only takes a few seconds. ten days.
When researchers added alkyl ketene dimers to the new tableware, they found that the tableware's oil resistance and mechanical strength were enhanced, and the manufacturing process produced less carbon dioxide emissions than ordinary plastic containers. The production process and finished products are environmentally friendly and can replace the plastic products currently used.
Bagasse is one of the wastes with the highest output in the food industry. Combined with other substances or chemical elements, bagasse waste can be utilized, truly recycling waste into treasure, and promoting environmentally friendly production.