创新背景

疾病伴随着人类的历史一起生长，从未停止，一直给全球卫生系统和医疗团队带来沉重压力。压力带来动力，面对疾病的隐藏和狡猾，科技一直在发展，争取做到前瞻性和预防性，将疾病扼杀于微时。智能技术研发出可穿戴设备实时、持续监测人体健康状况正是减轻卫生医疗压力的成果，需要不断更新迭代，向前发展。

创新过程

以色列理工学院的Hossam Haick教授、郑友斌博士后研究员、沃尔夫森化学工程系和罗素贝里纳米研究所的Rawan Omar博士生合作研究，在智能生物传感器方面基于可穿戴微针的技术，研发了新款PET传感器系统，可固定于类似创可贴的柔性皮肤片上的微针阵列结合扩展栅极场效应晶体管。相关研究成果于2022年发表在《先进材料》期刊上，突破了该领域的当前局限，可实现实时无痛的患者健康状况监控，并将相关健康数据发送给患者及其医生。

普通医用针头插入皮肤接触到血管和神经，会刺激人体，产生疼痛和出血。微针通常可以定义为高10-2000μm、宽10-50μm的针，用于医疗领域具有给药意义的装置是微针阵列，即许多微针以阵列的方式排列在给药载体上。它短且细，仅穿过皮肤表皮层，并不会让患者受到刺激引起患者。FET生物传感器具有反应速度快、体积小、高输入阻抗和低输出阻抗等优势，是目前一种高性能比的快速检测技术。细微短小的微针结合FET生物传感器可实时监测人体重要的生理指标。
微针会触及皮肤表层下的组织液，然后通过FET测量不同的生物和化学成分，例如钠、葡萄糖和pH值水平，借助云和物联网将数据无线传输给患者及其医生。实时持续的监测可以帮助尽早发现各种早期的生理疾病，起到预防疾病及其并发症的作用。该方法避免了常规诊断的需求，既避免了一些痛苦的检查过程，又可以让患者和医院以及患者家属及时了解患者的健康情况。  

新型生物传感器系统可监测与血液中的钠含量有关的高钠血症和低钠血症。钠是血细胞和血液中的一种必需元素，在神经系统的信号传递以及其它生物功能中发挥着至关重要的作用。血清中钠含量过高或过低会引起这两种疾病，它们都会影响神经系统功能，并甚至导致昏迷和意识丧失等状况。新型传感器对血清钠含量进行早期监测，可预防这两种疾病的发生。

为了使新技术更方便运用于日常生活，研究开发了一种柔韧的聚合物制成的柔性皮肤，类似创可贴，可以随皮肤伸展和收缩。研究人员表示，技术关键点是让每个人都可以使用这款基于可穿戴微针的生物传感器贴片，确保该系统采用相对便宜的材料，尽量减少产品成本。

创新关键点

结合可穿戴的微针和PET生物传感器开发新的实时健康监测技术。

创新价值

新型生物传感器实时进行健康监测，在任何场所利用该技术诊断疾病和进行持续性生理监测，有效预防疾病。

Microneedles are combined with FET biosensors to complete painless real-time health monitoring

Professor Hossam Haick of the Technion- Israel Institute of Technology, Youbin Zheng, postdoctoral researcher, Wolfson's Department of Chemical Engineering and Rawan Omar of the Russell Berry Nano Institute collaborated on the development of a new PET sensor system based on wearable microneedle technology in terms of intelligent biosensors, which can be fixed to a multi-chip-like flexible skin sheet microneedle array combined with an extended gate field effect transistor. Published in the journal Advanced Materials in 2022, the research breaks through the current limitations of the field by enabling real-time painless monitoring of patient health and sending relevant health data to patients and their physicians.

Ordinary medical needles inserted into the skin in contact with blood vessels and nerves can irritate the human body, causing pain and bleeding. Microneedles can generally be defined as needles 10-2000μm high and 10-50μm wide, and the devices used in the medical field that have dosing significance are microneedle arrays, that is, many microneedles are arranged on the drug delivery carrier in an array. It is short and thin, passes only through the epidermis layer of the skin, and does not cause the patient to be stimulated. FET biosensors have the advantages of fast response speed, small size, high input impedance and low output impedance, and are currently a rapid detection technology with high performance ratio. Tiny, short microneedles combined with FET biosensors monitor important physiological indicators of the human body in real time.

Microneedles touch the fluid of tissue beneath the surface of the skin, then measure different biological and chemical components such as sodium, glucose, and pH levels through FETs, and wirelessly transmit the data to patients and their doctors with the help of clouds and the Internet of Things. Real-time continuous monitoring can help detect various early physiological diseases as early as possible, and play a role in preventing diseases and their complications. This method avoids the need for routine diagnosis, avoids some painful examination procedures, and allows patients and hospitals and patients' families to keep abreast of the patient's health.  

The new biosensor system monitors hypernatremia and hyponatremia associated with sodium levels in the blood. Sodium is an essential element in blood cells and blood, and plays a vital role in the signaling of the nervous system and other biological functions. Too much or too little sodium in the serum can cause both diseases, both of which affect nervous system function and can even lead to conditions such as coma and loss of consciousness. New sensors provide early monitoring of serum sodium levels to prevent the development of both diseases.

In order to make the new technology more convenient for daily life, research has developed a flexible skin made of flexible polymers, similar to Band-Aids, which can stretch and contract with the skin. The key point of the technology, the researchers said, is to make this wearable microneedle-based biosensor patch available to everyone, ensuring that the system uses relatively inexpensive materials and minimizing product costs.